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TWENTY - ONE VERSES OF PRAISE TO TARA This is 35th Visual Dharma, prepared at Vajra-Garuda e-Publications of the Buddha Dharma in 2005. In Nov. 2007 it is published on OpenBuddhistForum channel to benefit all beings. Reciting this mangificent Prayer and performing 21 prostrations brings great merit/pozitive energy, development of six perfections and qualities like fearlessness, courage etc.. Arya Tara has countless forms and emanations. In this Prayer we invoke actions of 21. principal forms of Arya Tara. Arya Tara, the mother of all Tathagatas is inspiration for many ancient and contemporary Buddhist Masters. In his Dharma work White Sail, Dungse Thinley Norbu Rinpoche writes in the Offering praise : "All beings, desperate orphans lost in samsara´s wilderness from lack of faith, are nurtured and enlivened by the vast panacea of the milk of your unconditioned love. You prayed and prayed to emanate in coutless feminine manifestations to create Triple Gem´s appearances for all beings, leading them to purelands beautified with unfading trees of turquoise leaves..." In August 1994 Her Eminence Jetsün Chimed Luding Rinpoche from Canada offered Initiations of 21 Arya Taras to many Atiyoga/Dzogchen parctitioners at Merigar Dzogchen Community in Italy. Her Initiations were according to the tradition of Master Atisha. Twenty-one Verses in Praise of Tara is recited also by many Tibetans. In this Visual Dharma we recite it in English which brings the same merit as reciting it in Tibetan (Om je-tsün-ma pag-ma drol-ma la chag tsal lo...). Arya Tara is guiding us on the supreme Path of Liberation, because her essence is Liberation. This Introduction is part of contemporary Buddhist Studies, performed at the International Institute for Contemporary Buddhist Studies of Buddha Dharma. Contemplating about the meaning of Dharma is tenth Dharmic Activity as taught by Buddha Padmasambhava. We invite all Buddhist scholars and translators to join the Institute , thus benefiting many beings. Visual Dharma No. 35 is Art work (2.16), Introduction (1.20) by : H.E.Lama Tara Tulku Drimed Drolkhar Rinpoche & ven. Mangala Konchok Norbu -- bibliographies of researchers and authors www.izum.si/cobiss 90321, 90352 HQ E-MAIL: BuddhaDharma.OBFInternational@gmail.com Open Buddhist Forum International & International Institute for Contemporary Buddhist Studies of Buddha Dharma May every sentient being experience the Liberation of most noble Arya Tara. Tags: OpenBuddhistForum WisdomWithoutBorders VisualDharma BuddhistStudies AryaTara Mahayana e-learning Atiyoga/Dzogchen |
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SEVEN LINE PRAYER TO BUDDHA PADMASAMBHAVA SEVEN LINE PRAYER TO BUDDHA PADMASAMBHAVA (part 1) is 63rd VISUAL DHARMA, published to benefit all beings. Whereever this Visual Dharma is played, it will bring positive energy to the place and people who respect Buddhas Teachings. For general instruction about embeding Visual Dharmas see „THE GIFT OF TRUTH". All Visual Dharmas are empowered with the self-liberated Sound of Dharmata (Chönyid kyi rang dra),. Seven-line Prayer was recorded during the Dialogues (1998-2000) at the cultural & congress centre in Ljubljana, EU Slovenia, organised by the BUDDHA DHARMA . Six symphosiums were accompanied with ARS SACRA -- Contemplative Art of the Dialogues, including prayers for world peace. Seven-line Prayer to Buddha Padmasambhava has outer and inner meaning. 1. line describes where Guru Rinpoche was born. 2.line : How was Guru Rinpoche born. 3.line : Which qualities has Guru Rinpoche. 4.line : What is His true name. 5.line: What is his retinue. 6.line: How we must pray to him (kye-rim or development state of meditation). 7. line: How is Guru Rinpoche blessing us (Dzog-rim or completion stage of meditation). Teaching about the outer meaning of the Seven-line Prayer are published in part 2. Inner meaning is described by Kyabje Thinley Norbu Rinpoche in his Dharma work „Gypsy Gossip". SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY : 1. The Lotus- born : The Life Story of Padmasambhava, composed by Wisdom Dakini Yeshe Tshogyal (8th Century), revealed by Nyang Ral Nyima Odser; Shambhala publications, Boston, 1993. 2. Kyabje Thinley Norbu Rinpoche: Gypsy Gossip, published in the Crystal Mirror, Dharma Publishing, USA. Translation into Slovenian language : Ciganski klepet, Vajra-Garuda e-Publications of the Buddha Dharma, CD-ROM , 2003, ISBN 961-91189-1-X 3.Buddhism in Slovenia I 1988-1995 / Budizem v Sloveniji CD-ROM MP3 Buddha Dharma-Zveza Budistov v RS , Vajra-Garuda e-Publications 2007, ISBN 978-961-91189-6-2 4. Vajra-Garuda e-Publications 1989-2003, Buddha Dharma 2003 ISBN 961-91189-4-4 (reprint of 21 Buddhist works, many of them from Vajrayana Buddhist tradition). 5.Light mandalas by ven. Mangala Konchok Norbu; contains Four Bardo Prayers by Buddha Padmasambhava from the Bardo Thödol (Tibetan Book of the Dead), Vajra-Garuda e-publications, 2004; ISBN 961-91189-3-6 RELATED VISUAL DHARMAS : 1. Dances of Eight Manifestations of Padmasambhava 2. Nyingma Vajrayana Buddhism 3.Kilaya tantra Gurkhukma part 1, part 2 4.Kyabje Thinley Norbu Rinpoche: White Sail / Offering Praise 5. Lama Tara Tulku Drimed Drolkhar Rinpoche: Pada : self-arisen footsteps 6. Short Hagiography of Buddha Padmasambhava-ven. M. Konchok Norbu. For online study it is important to study the above sacred texts and Visual Dharmas. General instructions about adding comments to Visual Dharmas are published in „THE GIFT OF TRUTH". Bibliographies of researchers & authors www.izum.si/cobiss 90321, 90352 Her Eminence Lama Tara Tulku Drimed Drolkhar Rinpoche, venerable Mangala Konchok Norbu 2.16 Art work 1.02 scientific article-overview, 2008 OPEN BUDDHIST FORUM INTERNATIONAL & INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR CONTEMPORARY BUDDHIST STUDIES Serving, upholding & protecting the Teachings of Buddhas by performing ten Dharmic Activities ; Buddha Dharma-Slovenia EU, registed at www.uvs.gov.si , Buddha Dharma-Nyingma Vajrayana Atiyoga Ling, EU Austria, World Peace Envoy -- Buddhist religion in Nepal -- H.E. Karma Gyan Sagar Rinpoche. International Headquarter : BuddhaDharma.OBFInternational@gmail.com Buddhist scholars and artists are invited to join the projects of OBFI. Sponsors are invited to sponosr preparation and publishing of Visual Dharmas for the benefit of all sentint beings. Sarwa Mangalam * Tags: OpenBuddhistForum VisualDharma WisdomWithoutBorders HealingArt NyingmaVajrayana Padmasambhava BuddhistStudies ShortFilm animation art |
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THINLEY NORBU RINPOCHE: WHITE SAIL part 2 VISUAL DHARMA 54 (2005)- THINLEY NORBU RINPOCHE- OFFERING PRAISE from the WHITE SAIL is published to nourish all beings. Buddhas, Bodhisattvas, great saints and sublime Dharma practitioners appear in this world constantly to lead beings from samsaric turbulance to the peace of nirvana. To embed and to sponsor the preparation of Visual Dharmas of OBF International means to perform 1st Dharmic Activity as taught by the Buddhas. Visual Dharma Art is compassionate skillful means to help beings in third millenium, to accomplish inner peace of nirvana and to illuminate radiant wisdom spirit of our precious Buddha nature. Buddhas and Bodhisattvas don´t appear only in human forms : manifestations of Buddhas and Bodhisattvas are limitless. As it is said in the Sutras : „A Tathagatas forms are endless. And so is his awareness..." Kyabje Thinley Norbu Rinpoche (born 1931 in Tibet, now living in USA) is very eminent Nyingma Buddhist master, the emanation of Drimed Ödser who accomplished the Rainbow Body in Tibet (1924). Rinpoche was born as the eldest son of H.H.Dudjom Rinpoche II who was the principal of Nyingma Vajrayana Buddhism. Thinley Norbu Rinpoche is the author of sublime Dharma works in English : The Small Golden Key, Magic Dance, White Sail, Gypsy Gossip, Welcoming Flowers, Cascading Waterfall of Nectar. His Collected Works is published in Tibetan. At the beginning and the end of this Visual Dharma we see very rare Therma/Hidden treasure-statue of Guru Padmasambhava. *Ku tshab* (sku tshabs, representative) of Guru Padmasambhava discovered by Nyang Nyima Ödzer (1124-1192) and passed down through the generations of his family. Simbolic scripts are visible on this terma image..." (Hidden Teachings of Tibet by Tulku Thondup Rinpoche, Wisdom Publ., London, 1986, pg. 145). Secret Treasure statue of Guru Padmasambhava are the cause of Liberation to all who see them . Liberation through seeing (Tib. mthong.grol) is one of the five modes of liberation. Because Visual Dharma contains sacred images and texts it must be treated with respect ! At the International Institute for Contemporary Buddhist Studies we selected the Offering Praise from Kyabje Thinley Norbu Rinpoche´s Dharma Work WHITE SAIL as one of most beautiful Buddhist Prayers. Now begins your journey to the serene continent of the Triple Gems -- don´t miss the chance of receiving virtue´s jewels. Cross the waves of the ocean mind... This Visual Dharma is the clean intention gentle wind, pushing you toward the Other shore -- of enlightenment. View with stainless awareness and pray to the Buddhas : „Please, illuminate the radiant wisdom spirit of my precious Buddha nature." In the Offering Praise Thinley Norbu Rinpoche is praying with amaranthine faith to most noble Manjushri - the Buddha of wisdom. Rinpoche is praying to most comforting Saraswati, the wisdom consort of Manjushri. Lama is praying to Buddha Shakyamuni - our guide in this degenerate age. He is praying to Buddha Amitabha and to his emanation : lotus-born Vajra master Padmasambhava. And finaly Rinpoche is praying with amaranthine faith to Arya Tara - the wisdom mother of all Buddhas and Bodhisattvas and to great bliss wisdom consort of Padmasambhava -- to most compassionate Yeshe Tshogyal. In viewing this Visual Dharma and in praying with Rinpoche we are all part of pure vision in the mandala of Kuntuzangpo.DEDICATED FOR THE LONG LIFE OF DUNGSE THINLEY NORBU RINPOCHE. OPEN BUDDHIST FORUM INTERNATIONAL -- INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR CONTEMPORARY BUDDHIST STUDIES International Headquarter: buddha-dharma@triera.net Related Visual Dharmas : Nyingma Vajrayana Buddhism, Prayer to Arya Tara, Long-life Wish-path for Palden Tsawai Lama,11th Anniversary of H.H.Dudjom Rinpoche II., Dances of Eight Manifestations of Padmasambhava, Seven line Prayer of Guru Rinpoche, Teaching about Seven line Invocation of Guru Rinpoche, Longchen Rabjam : Six Perfections ... Bibliographies of researchers & authors online www.izum.si/cobiss 90321, 90352 Her Eminence Lama Tara Tulku Drimed Drolkhar Rinpoche, venerable Mangala Konchok Norbu ; 2.16 Art work ; 1.04 special article. Buddha Dharma-Zveza Budistov v RS, generaly benefitial organisation, registered at www.uvs.gov.si EU Slovenia; Buddha Dharma Nyingma Vajrayana Atiyoga Ling, EU Austria ; World Peace Envoy (Nepal), founded by H.E. Karma Gyan Sagar Rinpoche . * Sarwa Mangalam * HQ e-mail: BuddhaDharma.OBFInternational@gmail.com Tags: OpenBuddhistForum VisualDharma BuddhistStudies NyingmaVajrayana WisdomWithoutBorders /Dzogchen ThinleyNorbuRinpoche animation art |
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PADA: FOOTPRINTS IN THE ROCK / H.E.LAMA TARA TULKU RINPOCHE PADA: SELF-ARISEN FOOTPRINTS by H.E. TARA TULKU RINPOCHE Homage to Buddha Padmasambhava * Visual Dharma 85 (2007) is published to benefit all beings vast as the sky. To EMBED & to SPONSOR preparation of Visual Dharmas means to perform 1st Dharmic Activity as taught by the Buddhas (see The Gift of Truth). Our Visual Dharmas were already embeded by hundreds of other sites, including mobile phones & tv. PADA : in 1st centuries after the mahaparinirvana of Shakyamuni Buddha , the Completely enlightened One was not represented by statues or paintings of His Body. His presence was indicated by Buddhapada-his Footprints. Buddhist practitioners of ancient times understood that true worship of the Buddha means to follow on His footsteps. As Lord Buddha said himself : „I show you the Path, but you must walk on it." Regarding His footsteps it is also written : „As soon as he was born, the Bodhisattva took seven steps in each of the four directions, in order to show that he was about to embark upon the path of four immeasurables. It is said that lotus blossoms offered by the gods sprung from His FOOTPRINTS and shone brilliantly." (1) Lord Buddha also left His footprint on the island Sri Lanka. „In a dense forest called Kandala, in NE, there is a cavern which houses ŠRIPADUKA, an enormuous footprint of the Buddha." (2) The word Pada is part of Dharma names of different Buddhist masters, such as Buddhajnanapada. He was the master in Nyingma Vajrayana Atiyoga lineage of Buddhism and close disciple of Manjushrimitra. Enlightened Buddhist masters like Guru Padmasambhava, Wisdom Dakini Yeshe Tshogyal etc. left their footprints and handprints in sacred places of Bhutan, Tibet and elsewhere . The footprints of Gyalwa Karmapa are treasured at Tsurphu monastery in central Tibet (3). As it is written: „To induce faith in future generations, the guru and his consort left behind countless wonderful signs, such as handprints and footprints in all the places of attainment." (4) Such are the imprints of His body at Dorje Tsekpa in Bhumtang (Bhutan), the handprint at Namtso Chukmo, and the footprint on the White rock in Paro. Tulku Thondup made research about 4 rocky mountains. „Guru Padmasambhava left his footprints on the four rocks, as if on mud, to become objects of homage." (5) In Atiyoga the meaning of Pada(Seal) is the WORD initiation. It belong to Wordless doctrine. It is utterly simple , direct - efficient awakening of our innate Buddha nature, hearable as Sound of Dharmata (tib. Chönyid kyi rangdra). The essence of Dharmata´s Light is self-liberated Sound. Light & Sound of Dharmata are unseparable but Sound can be more continuously practiced. Why ? It is unimpeded continuity, belonging to purified Space element. Word initiation is 4th Empowerment in Atiyoga when meditator can begin with precious Todgal practice. According to my reasearch, practice and teachings: Sound of Dharmata is 1st Vision of Todgal / direct crossing . It is actualy Sound-Vision. Completely realised Atiyoga masters who accomplished the Rainbow Body in 20. century such as Rigdzin Changchub Dorje and Ayu Khandro (1839-1953) would certainly aggree. With every generation there is less & less knowledge (jnana-wisdom) about the Sound of Dharmata. I came back to this world to uphold this endangered Atiyoga essence lineage. Teachings of terton/hidden treasure discoverer Ratna Lingpa are intertwinned in this Visual Dharma. „ Guru Rinpoche also said : In the defiled age the teaching´s limits will be preserved by treasures. Accordingly, until the teachings of the Fifth Guide (Maitreya) arises, the activity of the profound treasures will never decline." (6) Photo of recently discovered PADA was sent as a Dharma Gift to Dungse Thinley Norbu Rinpoche, Grand Master Sheng-yen Lu, XIV. Dalai Lama, Namkhai Norbu Rinpoche, Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche etc.. MAY THIS VISUAL DHARMA BENEFIT ALL BEINGS. Notes: 1. Dudjom Rinpoche: Nyingma school Wisdom Publ. Boston 1991 pg. 416. 2. ibid. pg. 456 The Footprint at Adam´s Peak (Skt. Šripada). 3. Survival of the Spirit- documentary / Kuby films Munich 1991 . 4. Dudjom Rinpoche: Nyingma school pg. 519 5.Tulku Thondup : Hidden Teachings of Tibet Wisdom Publ. Boston, pg.249 6. Dudjom Rinpoche: Nyingma school pg. 749 INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR CONTEMPORARY BUDDHIST STUDIES bibliographies of researchers & authors online www.izum.si/cobiss 90321 H.E Tara Tulku 1.02 scientific article-overview 2.10 specialistic work ven. Mangala Konchok Norbu 90352 Buddha Dharma / Vajra-Garuda e-Publ. 2007 RELATED VISUAL DHARMAS : 7-line Invocation of Guru Rinpoche; Teaching about 7-line Invocation; Thinley Norbu Rinpoche: White sail part 1,2. 11th Ann. of Dudjom Rinpoche ; Mipham Rinpoche: Verses of Prayer ; Women in Buddhism. HQ e-mail: BuddhaDharma.OBFInternational@gmail.com Tags: OpenBuddhistForum VisualDharma BuddhistStudies WisdomWithoutBorders Nyingma Vajrayana Padmasambhava RatnaLingpa art short film |
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WISDOM WITHOUT BORDERS - VISUAL DHARMA WISDOM WITHOUT BORDERS-VISUAL DHARMA * Wish-fulfilling Gem of Dedication by Buddha Padmasambhava: "With unsurpassable offering-clouds of Samantabhadra, actually present and mentaly created, vastly and fully displayed within pure space, we present you with an ocean of outer, inner and secret offerings." This is 36th Visual Dharma published for free distribution with motivation to benefit/awaken all beings vast as the sky. Guru Padmasambhava is teaching present and future generations not to sell the dharma but to perform TEN ENLIGHTENED ACTIVITIES. These are: copying Buddhist scriptures for free distribution, making offerings, giving alms, listening to discourses,memorising,reading, expounding, reciting, reflecting upon and training in the meaning of Dharma. Open Buddhist Forum International was initiated on the Dharmachakra day July 24, 2001 with the aim to actively promote Ten Dharmic Activities throughout the world. VISUAL DHARMAS are not just any Buddhist Teaching- they are empowered with the Sound of Dharmata (Tib. Chönyid kyi rang dra) which refer to enlightened potential within every being. Therefore all Visual Dharmas must be treated with Respect. This is known to every civilised human being. Visual Dharmas bring great Creative Blessings to the environment where they are played . To EMBED Visual Dharmas means to promote first Dharmic Activity. Enter the centuries old enlightened Path of SPONSORS by contributing to the creation of new Visual Dharmas. Details for Sponsors are available with e-mail upon request. It is also beneficial to make donation on behalf of your deceased relative, Friend or Dharma friend. It brings great merit/positive energy: the same as helping to build the Stupa/Peace pagoda, sponsoring pure Buddhist master, nun, monk or orphan children at our Buddhist school in Nepal- World Peace Envoy, founded by H.E. Sagar Rinpoche (see: OBF Group: BUDDHIST CHARITY). VISUAL DHARMAS became very recognisable with collaboration of many individuals and companies who already embeded them to their sites throughout globalised world. There were already 98.500 Visual Dharma views which means that Blessings of Buddhas are continuing to inpire modern people. The general meaning of Dharma (tib. Chö) refers to ALL PHENOMENA; Buddha Dharma means entire Buddhist Teachings. Particular meaning of Visual Dharma refers to Buddhist Teachings presented in Visual form . It is compassionate skillful means of teaching according to needs of modern people in third millenium. As it is said in dedication: "...vastly and fully displayed within pure space...an ocean of outer,inner and secret offering". Many of Visual Dharmas created in second part of 2005 are already published on this Buddhist channel. E-Course with E-learning curriculum of INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR CONTEMPORARY BUDDHIST STUDIES beginns on Oct 1, 2008. Interested students are invited to send their Application with resume (address,place & date of birth, photo, moderate tuition fee to the bank account of Buddha Dharma-details are provided in separate info.). Academic year last till June 30,2009. Students are directed to study 1 Visual Dharma each month, beginning with basic level. All Visual Dharmas are interconnected & presented also from Atiyoga/Dzogchen view. Students are asked to send answers presented in scientific descriptions of Visual Dharmas to Her Eminence Lama Tara Tulku Drimed Drolkhar Rinpoche who will evaluate the answers & provide further Dharma Teachings & guidance. To improve their mental clarity students obtain General tonification Extract of medicinal herbs from Buddhist Wholesome Medicine programme each month (included in tuition donation). Students also obtain DVD with all VISUAL DHARMAS that are studied in 1.academic year & Dharma literature (those titles which are for free distribution). E-LEARNING CURRICULUM questions for this Visual Dharma: 1.What is the meaning of Dharma (Tib. Chö) ? 2.What is the particular meaning of Visual Dharma ? Related Visual Dharmas: The Gift of Truth, Visual Dharma 2005/I, The Light of Dharma 2008. Related OBFI GROUPS: BUDDHIST STUDIES, WISDOM WITHOUT BORDERS, BUDDHIST CHARITY,BUDDHIST MEDICINE, BUDDHIST BIOGRAPHIES. COLOPHON: WISDOM WITHOUT BORDERS-VISUAL DHARMA published by Buddha Dharma-OBF INTERNATIONAL Vajra-Garuda e-Publications 2008, Dharma Art Director: venerable Mangala Konchok Norbu 2.18 Scientific Film, Sound or video recording bibliographies of researchers & authors www.izum.si /cobiss 90352 1.02 Review Article Her Eminence Lama Tara Tulku Drimed Drolkhar Rinpoche www.izum.si/cobiss 90321 (since 1988). HQ e-mail: BuddhaDharma.OBFINTERNATIONAL@gmail.com Tags: OpenBuddhistForum WisdomWithoutBorders VisualDharma BuddhistStudies BuddhistCharity HealingArt NyingmaVajrayana Atiyoga/Dzogchen Trailer Film Animation Art Education e-learning |
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THE GIFT OF TRUTH THE GIFT OF TRUTH VISUAL DHARMA 2004 -- 2007 „THE BEST OF ALL GIFTS IS THE GIFT OF TRUTH." D h a m m a p a d a OPEN BUDDHIST FORUM INTERNATIONAL supported by all Buddhas and Bodhisattvas of ten directions and three times Serving, upholding and protecting the Teachings of Buddhas and the unity of all Buddhists by performing ten Dharmic activities . Buddha Padmasambhava prophecised in His Vajra Spike Testament : „In the future times there will be many perverted practitioners who will treat the Dharma as merchandise. At that time all of you who obey my Words, do not forsake the ten Dharmic Activities." These are : copying scriptures for free distribution, making offerings, giving alms, listening to discourses, memorising, reading, expounding, reciting, reflecting upon and training in the meaning of Dharma. The aim of Open Buddhist Forum International is to perform these ten Dharmic Activities and to do our best to stop commercialisation of Buddhism in modern times. Our pure Dharma Activities are for all beings. OBFI was founded by generaly benefitial organisation Buddha Dharma on the Dharmachakra day, July 24, 2001. OBFI is open space for all Buddhists regardless of their specific tradition, race, nationality, social position or politics. DHARMA PROJECTS : 1. Religious activities : Teachings , Prayers, meditations and retreats, ceremonies, spiritual guidance etc. Collective Prayers and meditations since 1989 -- every Sunday from 3-4 p.m. (Winter time) or 4-5 p.m. (Sommer time). Join collective Prayers and meditations of Open Buddhist Forum International by praying and meditating at that time whereever you are. 2. Education and research: International Institute for Contemporary Buddhist Studies ; Vajra-Garuda e-Publications, available with dana paramita (donation). Buddhist scholars and translators are invited to join the Institute. Enter the centuries old Path of sponsors by contributing to the publishing of Visual Dharmas for All. Visual Dharmas are contemporary way of teaching Buddhism through Buddhist studies in third millenium. 3. Dharma art : Wisdom Without Borders is international project of contemplative art (Ars sacra), started during 1998-2000 at the congress centre Ljubljana, EU Slovenia at the Dialogues between civil society and government organisations. Buddhist artists are invited to join Wisdom Without Borders by sending us their art works (music, poetry, paintings...) 4. Humanitarian activities : support for the World Peace Envoy, founded by H.E. Karma Gyan Sagar Rinpoche in Nepal; sponsoring of orphan children at Buddhist school, support for the Temple with peace pagoda and the center for three-year meditation retreat. Everyone is invited to sponsor orphan children, thus performing 3rd Dharmic Activity. 5. Solidarity : Buddhist Wholesome medicine -- guidance on wholesome vegetarian diet, whole body tonics- high quality extracts of medicinal herbs (Tib. Cud-len) which help everyone in various and wonderful ways. 6. Human rights and gender equality : collaboration by the preparation of the White Paper on Intercultural Dialogue of the Council of Europe; education about human rights and gender equality among Buddhists, encouraging also Buddhist female practitioners to become Buddhist Teachers, Lamas and Lineage holders. Protecting human rights of Buddhists worldwide (see Visual Dharma : Burma-Myanmar- Urgent Appeal to All). OPEN BUDDHIST FORUM INTERNATIONAL offers online study of sacred Buddhist texts and Teachings , presented in acontemporary way through Visual Dharma . As these are sacred texts we ask everyone to theat them with respect. Almost all Visual Dharmas can be embedded and played at other sites. We only ask that those who embed Visual Dharmas respect Buddhist ethic. Visual Dharmas should not be embedded by sites which propagate violence, alcohol or drug abuse, pornography, various bussinesses, weapons, meat, tobacco , hate speech.. You can add COMMENTS to all Visual Dharmas. They will be published after we approve them. By writing comments please concentrate on the meaning of particular Dharma for you. Training in the meaning of Dharma is 10th Dharmic activity. To comment is to study the Dharma. JOIN THE VISIONS OF BUDDHA SHAKYAMUNI AND BUDDHA PADMASAMBHAVA BY PRACTICING PURE BUDDHA DHARMA. Sarwa Mangalam * Blessings to all www.YouTube.com/ OpenBuddhistForum Bibliographies of researchers and writers online : www.izum.si/cobiss 90321, 90352 Art work 2.16 Introduction 1.20 H.E.Lama Tara Tulku Drimed Drolkhar Rinpoche, venerable Mangala Konchok Norbu; BUDDHA DHARMA-Slovenia, Austria, EU, World Peace Envoy- H.E. Karma Gyan Sagar Rinpoche, Nepal HQ e-mail: BuddhaDharma.OBFInternational@gmail.com Tags: OpenBuddhistForum VisualDharma Vajrayana BuddhistStudies DalaiLama ThinleyNorbuRinpoche Padmasambhava short film art |
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Adoptions without Borders This is an eight minute segment I produced, narrated, and collectively edited with Ronald tomaino for Carpe Diem. I have a stand up at approximately 4:50 into the segment. This short documentary presents the story of the Mikulas who experimented expanding their family by traveling across the world to adopt a girl from China. Tags: advice community random personals wisdom |
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Wise thoughts on politics, power and wisdom. 1. You don't have to change your religion. Change your economy... 2. You do not have to redefine your borders. Improve your relations... 3. The most important separation in our time is the separation between religion and terror... 4. Democracy in our age is not only the right to be equal, but also the equal right to be different... 5. Modern democracy is based not only on the freedom of speech, but also on the right to breathe fresh air... 6. Teach the history of wisdom. Hear the call of a new future... 7. Modern economy is not only global but individual as well. Single men and women, are able to create realms of prosperity by innovation, and without imposition... 8. Environment and economy are tied together. They're not submitted to political borders. To ignore one of them is to endanger the balance of our existence... 9. What shall be discovered is more important than the knowledge which has been accumulated thus far... 10. Governments are based on power, laws, armies and policies, whereas non-governmental organizations are based on the strength of good will... 11. The real power of our time is the strength of goodwill... 12. Good manners are not less important than elaborated laws... 13. To nominate a person is like choosing a road... 14. The age of borders, distances and discriminations was over the minute science replaced land... 15. Look upon every man as a brother and upon every woman as a sister. Invite them to be your guest and accept their invitation of being your host... 16. What was discovered until now is but a small portion of the unknown. We still know little about the capacity of our brains, about space and the oceans... 17. To learn how to learn is a must in changing times... 18. To be ready for the challenges of tomorrow is even more important than to be up to date today... 19. Don?t be afraid to be alone. To be wrong is more dangerous... 20. One's greatest return is when one's children are better than oneself... 21. Destinations are more important than parking lots... 22. To think is more important than to remember... 23. Values should decide prices. Not the other way around... 24. To exercise one's mind is as important as the exercise of the rest of the body... 25. Take a risk by trusting people, rather than lose them on the basis of suspicion... 26. It is better to be led by the people, than to impose one's leadership upon them... 27. It is better to be a composer than a conductor. New symphonies are music to the ears of the young... 28. Peace is not reached by winning points, but by convincing one's opponent of the benefits of living together... Peace! The more collectively enlightened and wise a society becomes, the more free. 28 very-wise thoughts on politics, power and wisdom. coming from, a Nobel peace prize winner, renowned essayist and author, past vice-President of Socialist International and, Israel's elder statesman ... Shimon Peres! Tags: quotes wisdom reasoning wise statesman peres |
User: NTDTV |
Will You Carry The Torch ? "Every great movement began with a few people shining the light of understanding into the darkness of oppression." NJ mayor José "Joey" Torres at a reception hosted by the Human Rights Torch Relay (HRTR) The Human Rights Torch Relay is an international campaign that seeks to bring an end to all human rights abuses against the people of China, while highlighting the persecution of Falun Gong - the most severely persecuted group in China today. During the run up to the 2008 Olympics, the HRTR will host events in 37 countries across six continents to present its message: The Olympics and crimes against humanity cannot coexist in China. The Tibetan, Burmese, and Vietnamese communities, the Darfur Support Network (Sudan), Chinese democracy groups, student groups, former Olympians, and representatives from sports and politics are among the relay participants. Background Since China was chosen as the 2008 Olympic site, Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, and Reporters Without Borders have all reported a marked increase in violent repression aimed at silencing groups and individuals the CCP has labeled as enemies. In June 2005, China's deputy public security minister Liu Jing was given the job of eradicating Falun Gong before the 2008 Olympics. In April 2006, a secret and unprecedented espionage directive revealed CCP plans to investigate and bar thousands from the 2008 games, including International Olympic Committee members, staff and guests; sponsors; referees, athletes and delegates; media; the Dalai Lama, the handicapped, land rights activists, and anyone who falls within 43 categories of "unwanteds." Deeply concerned about the Chinese regime's worsening human rights record and, in particular, its horrific treatment of Falun Gong adherents, on June 8th 2007, the Coalition to Investigate the Persecution of Falun Gong (CIPFG) sent a letter to the communist leadership asking them to stop the persecution of Falun Gong and to allow CIPFG entry into China to investigate the persecution and the issue of mass, state-sanctioned organ harvesting of Falun Gong practitioners. Not unexpectedly, there was no reply. CIPFG believes that the CCP has confirmed its unwillingness to be transparent and to respect human life; therefore, CIPFG initiated the Relay, which kicked off on August 9, 2007 in Athens, Greece. The event is traveling in Europe, Australia, Africa and South America before coming to the U.S. in March, 2008. More informations under : www.humanrightstorch.org Tags: community personals wisdom Human Richt Torch Olympic Bejing China CIO Worldwide All Free NTDTV Sports proud |
User: allnationscardiff |
All Nations Church Cardiff Church Life - Kids Club Tags: All nations church Cardiff christians community wisdom kids club ministries without borders |
User: allnationscardiff |
All Nations Church Cardiff Church Life - Church in the Home Tags: Movie all nations church cardiff christians community ministries without borders wisdom |
User: pinokiofromtokio |
Khmer mahori Song..Phoumea tak lolok... for which I did this video is kind of music which you can hear 99 thousand times and it is always new...and fascinating. Unlike european music-it has no simple structure.when one tone folow after another..it is more like nature..wilde..without clear borders when one tone start and when the other follow. . . .althought it sound like an traditional, folk music ..this sound is composed and you can hear bass guitar there... Those two beautiful girls are details from cigarette comercial.. movies from wood are from great Silická Plateau............................When I made this video yesterday I got a vision.. and I saw a wonderful story about the beautiful friendship between those two young girls wandering throught the forest... they talk about love. Please I would like to ask everyone for help to find author of this composition.. Step by step... The suffering of Cambodia has been deep. From this suffering comes great Compassion. Great Compassion makes a Peaceful Heart. A peaceful Heart makes a Peaceful Person. A Peaceful Person makes a Peaceful Community. A Peaceful Community makes a Peaceful Nation. And a Peaceful Nation makes a Peaceful World. May all beings live in Happiness and Peace. STEP BY STEP - Maha Ghosananda Meditations on Wisdom and Compassion Tags: khmer cambodia mahori phoumea tak lolok traditional music folk |
User: jasonparadisa |
Beautyful fire Jason Paradisa Jason Paradisa features fire alike vocals and words of wisdom and nonsenses somewhere where rock 'n' roll meets magic. I have lived the life of a rebel, street child and fool. But only fools know love! I ran away from home as a young boy stepping into the unknown without fear, breaking rules because I have none myself. When I lost everything and everyone I became a lonely, negative, criminal ego animal. Nothing good went into my brain. I went really insane.I have learned from my own experiences that if you leave a child to its own devices and without attention, it will turn into an ego animal. I have trodden a path through life somewhere between reality and imagination,fact and fable, tragedy and nonsense. I began life in the middle of nowhere, in a remote village in Azerbaijan of Iran.I was a rebellious child from birth. Born to a mother who was a mystical singer, I was from an early age fascinated and transfixed by music and poetry,and even worked for a year in a cow pasture just to buy my first radio. I left my father and mother and homeland in search of adventure,freedom and rock and roll. In the company of two friends I left my orignal country, and, having illegally crossed the borders of all the wartorn countries on the way, arrived in Pakistan,after which my two friends returned to Iran and I yourneyed on to Holland. On getting my Dutch Passport I made my base in London, where I spent my time honing my musical skills and became a regular at the legendary Soho recording studio, Tin Pan Alley.It was in Tin Pan Alley thatI meet some of the influential players in my first band, Naked as Friends. They were bass player Steve Lawrance, drummer Chris Bells, guitar players Stevie klasson, David Salonia and Jim Banner, producer/mixer Tony Plat, who had prevously worked on Iron Maiden's "Phanton of the Opera", Bob Marley and The Wailers' "Catch The fire.Burning", AC/DC's "High Way To Hell" and "Back In Black" and Motorhead's "Another Perfect Day", producer/mixer Ken Thomas, who had produced some of Bjork's albums, and producer and mixer Steve Kent, who produced for many London bands. Naked as Friends was well received in Europe and I did a successful tour with the band as lead singer/songwriter. Also, in 2002 I released the hit single "Gypsy Child" on Royalty records, Pop UK, but due to disagreements about the contract, we parted without further collaboration . For some Reason I left London in 2002. I have also heard that in the UK People think I'm dead. After a couple of years, I found myself in a new place, wanting to transcend the anger and darkness and focus on harmony and love. Considering my early premonitions, it is no wonder I would start up in the official land of the golden peeps Norway, where I decided to give up my old criminal ways and live an honest life, like I'm doing now. Selling Norway's number one Anarchist paper, "Gateavisa", on the streets of Oslo,I have used the income to transform my music to new heights. The new sound lifts the ceiling with light and joy, while the lyrics reflect the wisdom of my remarkable life journey. My new band features the renowned guitar work of Stevie Klasson of Hanoi Rocks, who has also played with Johnny Thunders.Stevie Klasson is one of the world's top performers, his self-confident poses eloquently matching his guitar skills. Also, the band features the drums of James Bradley jr., who has recorded with the Beastie Boys and Crazytown and Slash. Finally, Stefan Björk of the Diamond Dogs is on bass. So far, Jason Paradisa have performed three acclaimed gigs in Oslo, and thousands of fans from sixteen to sixty are going wild! Jason Paradisa'first album, Mystical Premonitions, has recently been recorded in Stockholm at the Decibel Studio, and while it is not yet officially released, it has already sold more than 4,000 copies in Oslo alone,and has been featured on the national radio channel,"Kanal 24" as well as "RadiOrakel". The producer is Dag Lundquist, who has previously worked with CC Cowboys, Ulf Lundell and Weeping Willows. I'm currently gearing up for a Tour in 2007.Our new album will be released on Zobb music, and I am looking forward to combining the inward journey with the outward one. Tags: fire spirit spiritual angel stockholm syndrome iran norway holland amsterdam coffeshop chill unsigned new age |
User: jasonparadisa |
The pearl of my soul Oslo/Norge Stockholm/Sverige Jason Paradisa Jason Paradisa features fire alike vocals and words of wisdom and nonsenses somewhere where rock 'n' roll meets magic. I have lived the life of a rebel, street child and fool. But only fools know love! I ran away from home as a young boy stepping into the unknown without fear, breaking rules because I have none myself. When I lost everything and everyone I became a lonely, negative, criminal ego animal. Nothing good went into my brain. I went really insane.I have learned from my own experiences that if you leave a child to its own devices and without attention, it will turn into an ego animal. I have trodden a path through life somewhere between reality and imagination,fact and fable, tragedy and nonsense. I began life in the middle of nowhere, in a remote village in Azerbaijan of Iran.I was a rebellious child from birth. Born to a mother who was a mystical singer, I was from an early age fascinated and transfixed by music and poetry,and even worked for a year in a cow pasture just to buy my first radio. I left my father and mother and homeland in search of adventure,freedom and rock and roll. In the company of two friends I left my orignal country, and, having illegally crossed the borders of all the wartorn countries on the way, arrived in Pakistan,after which my two friends returned to Iran and I yourneyed on to Holland. On getting my Dutch Passport I made my base in London, where I spent my time honing my musical skills and became a regular at the legendary Soho recording studio, Tin Pan Alley.It was in Tin Pan Alley thatI meet some of the influential players in my first band, Naked as Friends. They were bass player Steve Lawrance, drummer Chris Bells, guitar players Stevie klasson, David Salonia and Jim Banner, producer/mixer Tony Plat, who had prevously worked on Iron Maiden's "Phanton of the Opera", Bob Marley and The Wailers' "Catch The fire.Burning", AC/DC's "High Way To Hell" and "Back In Black" and Motorhead's "Another Perfect Day", producer/mixer Ken Thomas, who had produced some of Bjork's albums, and producer and mixer Steve Kent, who produced for many London bands. Naked as Friends was well received in Europe and I did a successful tour with the band as lead singer/songwriter. Also, in 2002 I released the hit single "Gypsy Child" on Royalty records, Pop UK, but due to disagreements about the contract, we parted without further collaboration . For some Reason I left London in 2002. I have also heard that in the UK People think I'm dead. After a couple of years, I found myself in a new place, wanting to transcend the anger and darkness and focus on harmony and love. Considering my early premonitions, it is no wonder I would start up in the official land of the golden peeps Norway, where I decided to give up my old criminal ways and live an honest life, like I'm doing now. Selling Norway's number one Anarchist paper, "Gateavisa", on the streets of Oslo,I have used the income to transform my music to new heights. The new sound lifts the ceiling with light and joy, while the lyrics reflect the wisdom of my remarkable life journey. My new band features the renowned guitar work of Stevie Klasson of Hanoi Rocks, who has also played with Johnny Thunders.Stevie Klasson is one of the world's top performers, his self-confident poses eloquently matching his guitar skills. Also, the band features the drums of James Bradley jr., who has recorded with the Beastie Boys and Crazytown and Slash. Finally, Stefan Björk of the Diamond Dogs is on bass. So far, Jason Paradisa have performed three acclaimed gigs in Oslo, and thousands of fans from sixteen to sixty are going wild! Jason Paradisa'first album, Mystical Premonitions, has recently been recorded in Stockholm at the Decibel Studio, and while it is not yet officially released, it has already sold more than 4,000 copies in Oslo alone,and has been featured on the national radio channel,"Kanal 24" as well as "RadiOrakel". The producer is Dag Lundquist, who has previously worked with CC Cowboys, Ulf Lundell and Weeping Willows. I'm currently gearing up for a Tour in 2007.Our new album will be released on Zobb music, and I am looking forward to combining the inward journey with the outward one. Tags: Jason Paradisa James Bradley Jr Stevie Klasson ulf Rockis Ivarsson Rock Oslo Tromsø Stavanger Kristiansand Booking AD |
User: 80SAFRIKAN |
Freedom Time Yo, there's a war in the mind, over territory For the dominion Who will dominate the opinion Skisms and isms, keepin' us in forms of religion Conformin' our vision To the world churches decision Trapped in a section Submitted to committee election Moral infection Epedemic lies and deception Insurrection Of the highest possible order Destortin' our tape recorders From here and like under water Beyond the borders Fond of sin and disorder Bound by the strategy It's systematic deprivaty Heavy as gravity Head first in the cavity Without a bottom A fate worse than Sodom What's got 'em Drunk of the spirits Truth comes, we can't hear it When you've been, programmed to fear it I had a vision I was fallin' in indescision Apollin', callin' religion Some program on television How can dominant wisdom Be recognized in the system Of Anti-Christ, the majority rules Intelligent fools PhD's in illusion Masters of mass confusion Bachelors in past illusion Now who you choosin' The head or the tail The bloodshed of male Or confidance in the veil Conferences of Yale Discussin' doctrines of Baal Causin' people to fail Keepin' the third in jail His word has nailed Everything to the tree Severing all of me from all that I used to be Formless and void Totally paranoid Enjoy darkness as the Lord Keepin' me from the sword Blocked from mercy Bitter than cerasee Hungry and thirsty For good meat we would eat And still, dined at the table of deceit How incomplete From confrontation to retreat We prolong the true enemies defeat Destitute a necessity Causin' desperation to get the best of me Punishment 'til there was nothing left of me Realizin' the unescapable death of me No options in the valley of decision The only doctrine, supernatural circumcision Inwardly only water can purge the heart From words, the fiery darts Thrown by the workers of the arts Iniquity, shapen in There's no escapin' when You're whole philosophy is paper thin In vanity The wide road is insanity Could it be all of humanity? Picture that Scripture that The origin of man's heart is black How can we show up for An invisible war Preoccupied with a shadow, makin' love with a whore Achin' in sores Babylon, the great mystery Mother of human history System of social sorcery Our present condition Needs serious recognition Where there's no repentance there can be no remission And that sentence, more serious than Vietnam The atom bomb, and Saddam, and Minister Farakkhan What's goin' on, what's the priority to you by what authority do we do the majority hasn't a clue We majored in curses Search the chapters, check the verses Recapture the land Remove the mark from off of our hands So we can stand In agreement with his command Everything else is damned Let them with ears understand Everything else is damned, let them with ears understand Tags: Lauryn Hill freedom time |
User: jasonparadisa |
Sweet Penetration Oslo/Dattera til Hagen Norge/Norway Jason Paradisa Jason Paradisa features fire alike vocals and words of wisdom and nonsenses somewhere where rock 'n' roll meets magic. I have lived the life of a rebel, street child and fool. But only fools know love! I ran away from home as a young boy stepping into the unknown without fear, breaking rules because I have none myself. When I lost everything and everyone I became a lonely, negative, criminal ego animal. Nothing good went into my brain. I went really insane.I have learned from my own experiences that if you leave a child to its own devices and without attention, it will turn into an ego animal. I have trodden a path through life somewhere between reality and imagination,fact and fable, tragedy and nonsense. I began life in the middle of nowhere, in a remote village in Azerbaijan of Iran.I was a rebellious child from birth. Born to a mother who was a mystical singer, I was from an early age fascinated and transfixed by music and poetry,and even worked for a year in a cow pasture just to buy my first radio. I left my father and mother and homeland in search of adventure,freedom and rock and roll. In the company of two friends I left my orignal country, and, having illegally crossed the borders of all the wartorn countries on the way, arrived in Pakistan,after which my two friends returned to Iran and I yourneyed on to Holland. On getting my Dutch Passport I made my base in London, where I spent my time honing my musical skills and became a regular at the legendary Soho recording studio, Tin Pan Alley.It was in Tin Pan Alley thatI meet some of the influential players in my first band, Naked as Friends. They were bass player Steve Lawrance, drummer Chris Bells, guitar players Stevie klasson, David Salonia and Jim Banner, producer/mixer Tony Plat, who had prevously worked on Iron Maiden's "Phanton of the Opera", Bob Marley and The Wailers' "Catch The fire.Burning", AC/DC's "High Way To Hell" and "Back In Black" and Motorhead's "Another Perfect Day", producer/mixer Ken Thomas, who had produced some of Bjork's albums, and producer and mixer Steve Kent, who produced for many London bands. Naked as Friends was well received in Europe and I did a successful tour with the band as lead singer/songwriter. Also, in 2002 I released the hit single "Gypsy Child" on Royalty records, Pop UK, but due to disagreements about the contract, we parted without further collaboration . For some Reason I left London in 2002. I have also heard that in the UK People think I'm dead. After a couple of years, I found myself in a new place, wanting to transcend the anger and darkness and focus on harmony and love. Considering my early premonitions, it is no wonder I would start up in the official land of the golden peeps Norway, where I decided to give up my old criminal ways and live an honest life, like I'm doing now. Selling Norway's number one Anarchist paper, "Gateavisa", on the streets of Oslo,I have used the income to transform my music to new heights. The new sound lifts the ceiling with light and joy, while the lyrics reflect the wisdom of my remarkable life journey. My new band features the renowned guitar work of Stevie Klasson of Hanoi Rocks, who has also played with Johnny Thunders.Stevie Klasson is one of the world's top performers, his self-confident poses eloquently matching his guitar skills. Also, the band features the drums of James Bradley jr., who has recorded with the Beastie Boys and Crazytown and Slash. Finally, Stefan Björk of the Diamond Dogs is on bass. So far, Jason Paradisa have performed three acclaimed gigs in Oslo, and thousands of fans from sixteen to sixty are going wild! Jason Paradisa'first album, Mystical Premonitions, has recently been recorded in Stockholm at the Decibel Studio, and while it is not yet officially released, it has already sold more than 4,000 copies in Oslo alone,and has been featured on the national radio channel,"Kanal 24" as well as "RadiOrakel". The producer is Dag Lundquist, who has previously worked with CC Cowboys, Ulf Lundell and Weeping Willows. I'm currently gearing up for a Tour in 2007.Our new album will be released on Zobb music, and I am looking forward to combining the inward journey with the outward one. Tags: Jason Paradisa James Bradley Jr Stevie Klasson ulf Rockis Ivarsson Rock liveshow pop hit |
User: DemRapidResponse |
Senator Byrd's Speech Opposing Iraq War 3/19/03 Part 1 Remarkably prescient speech opposing the Iraq war by Senator Byrd in March of 2003. AMERICA'S IMAGE IN THE WORLD Script Part 1: Mr. BYRD. Madam President, I believe in this great and beautiful country. I have studied its roots and gloried in the wisdom of its magnificent Constitution and its inimitable history. I have marveled at the wisdom of its Founders and Framers. Generation after generation of Americans has understood the lofty ideals that underlie our great Republic. I have been inspired by the story of their sacrifice and their strength. But today I weep for my country. I have watched the events of recent months with a heavy, heavy heart. No more is the image of American one of strong, yet benevolent peacekeeper. The image of America has changed. Around the globe, our friends mistrust us, our word is disputed, our intentions are questioned. Instead of reasoning with those with whom we disagree, we demand obedience or threaten recrimination. Instead of isolating Saddam Hussein, we seem to have succeeded in isolating ourselves. We proclaim a new doctrine of preemption which is understood by few but feared by many. We say that the United States has the right to turn its firepower on any corner of the globe which might be suspect in the war on terrorism. We assert that right without the sanction of any international body. As a result, the world has become a much more dangerous place. We flaunt our superpower status with arrogance. We treat U.N. Security Council members like ingrates who offend our princely dignity by lifting their heads from the carpet. Valuable alliances are split. After war has ended, the United States will have to rebuild much more than the country of Iraq. We will have to rebuild America's image around the globe. The case this administration tries to make to justify its fixation with war is tainted by charges of falsified documents and circumstantial evidence. We cannot convince the world of the necessity of this war for one simple reason: This is not a war of necessity, but a war of choice. There is no credible information to connect Saddam Hussein to 9/11, at least up to this point. The twin towers fell because a world-wide terrorist group, al Qaida, with cells in over 60 nations, struck at our wealth and our influence by turning our own planes into missiles, one of which would likely have slammed into the dome of this beautiful Capitol except for the brave sacrifice of some of the passengers who were on board that plane. The brutality seen on September 11th and in other terrorist attacks we have witnessed around the globe are the violent and desperate efforts by extremists to stop the daily encroachment of Western values upon their cultures. That is what we fight. It is a force not confined to territorial borders. It is a shadowy entity with many faces, many names, and many addresses. But, this administration has directed all of the anger, fear, and grief which emerged from the ashes of the Twin Towers and the twisted metal of the Pentagon towards a tangible villain, one we can see and hate and attack. And villain he is. But he is the wrong villain. And this is the wrong war . If we attack Saddam Hussein, we will probably drive him from power. But the zeal of our friends to assist our global war on terrorism may have already taken flight. The general unease surrounding this war is not just due to ``orange alert.'' There is a pervasive sense of rush and risk and too many questions unanswered... Tags: Senator Byrd Speech Opposing Iraq War |
User: penhuolong1ab |
"Naruto" Last Episode Ending Credits: the Downfall of Konoha Aka, "When Naruto becomes the Hokage." Or, the downfall of Konoha due to Naruto's stupidity. I mean Naruto hasn't shown that he has the wisdom can lead a nation... I bet every country will invade him the instant he becomes Hokage--even his so-called friend Gaara. _______ I'm actually not satisfied with how this came out. My chief complaint is that I didn't make the borders close in on Konoha fast enough, and that I didn't find a way to cite the newer seasons to make the video appear current. But I'm no longer interested in working on it, thought upload it as it is so that others can see it. The idea: Naruto would make a horrible Hokage, and so in the last episode's credits you see his nation's borders slowly drawing inward as other nations take advantage of him. --- For anyone interested in using my crudely drawn maps...you can currently download a creditless version (also without sound) here: http://www.mediafire.com/?mmm21ngpnmj A wider (slightly higher quality) creditless version (which includes Void on the map) can also be viewed here: http://origin.www.spike.com/video/naruto-what-happens/2993220 Tags: Naruto stupid hokage collapse destruction season ending credits finale cancelation konoha |
User: H3rman123 |
Jaco Pastorius - Come On, Come Over (1976) Jaco Pastorius (1976), the brilliant self-titled debut album that was to mark the starting point in an upheaval as far the general concept of playing the bass and it's role in the landscape of music. If Jimi Hendrix entirely revolutionized the guitar world, Pastorius was his heir as far as bass playing was concerned. And as in the word of Pat Metheny: "Jaco Pastorius may well have been the last jazz musician of the 20th century to have made a major impact on the musical world at large. Everywhere you go, sometimes it seems like a dozen times a day, in the most unlikely places you hear Jaco's sound; from the latest tv commercial to bass players of all stripes copping his licks on recordings of all styles, from news broadcasts to famous rock and roll bands, from hip hop samples to personal tribute records, you hear the echoes of that unmistakable sound everywhere (it may even be more imitated at this point than the previously most pervasive jazz sound to escape into the broader culture beyond the local borders of jazz, the moody harmon mute stylings of Miles Davis). For all the caterwauling that has gone on about new musicians that have shown up in recent years being toted as the "next Miles", or the "Duke Ellington of their generation", or whatever, Jaco outranks all of them and all of that by being the one and the only of his kind, without predecessor; the only post 1970 jazz musician known on a first name basis with all music fans of all varieties everywhere in the world. From the depths of Africa where he is revered in almost god-like status to the halls of most every music university on the planet. To this day, and maybe more than ever, he remains the one and the only JACO. [...] His solo on 'donna lee', beyond being astounding for just the fact that it was played with a hornlike phrasing that was previously unknown to the bass guitar is even more notable for being one of the freshest looks at how to play on a well traveled set of chord changes in recent jazz history - not to mention that it's just about the hippest start to a debut album in the history of recorded music. That solo, along with his best compositions like "continuum" reveal a melodic ingenuity (that rarest and hardest to quantify of musical qualities amongst improvisors) that comes along only a few times in each generation. And then there is just his basic relationship to sound and touch; refined to a degree that some would have thought impossible on an "electric" instrument. Jaco's legacy has had a rough go of it - a horribly inaccurate, botched biography, endless cassette bootlegs of late-life gigs that do nothing but devalue the importance of his message through greed and overkill, and a mythology that seems to thrive on the stories that surrounded the lesser aspects of his lifestyle over the triumphs of his early musical vision and wisdom. But you know what? You put this record on, and none of that matters. It is all here, in the grooves; everything you need to know about the guy. Jaco Pastorius was one of the most important musicians of our time - the fact that this was his first record is simply astonishing, there is no other way to put it. That this is without question the most auspicious debut album of the past quarter century is inarguable. As with all great recordings, the force of it's value becomes more evident as time passes." --------------------------- TRIVIA The Latin name PASTORIUS was once the German schäfer, meaning shepherd. Jaco's father, John Francis Pastorius II, was born in Pennsylvania from German and Irish descendants. Jaco's mother, Verna Katarina HAAPALA was born in Minnesota and changed her name to Stephanie Katherine Haapala. Jaco's Grandmother on his Mom's side, Kaisa Eriika ISOJÄRVI, was born north of the Arctic Circle in Lappi, Finland, married David Haapala from Minnesota, who's father, Andrew Haapala was from Oulu, Finland and who's mother, Josephina BUCHT, was from Norrbotten, Sweden. Conclusion: Jaco had Finnish, German, Swedish, and Irish ancestry. Tags: jazz Jaco Pastorius Come On Over |
User: H3rman123 |
Jaco Pastorius - Continuum (1976) Jaco Pastorius (1976), the brilliant self-titled debut album that was to mark the starting point in an upheaval as far the general concept of playing the bass and it's role in the landscape of music. If Jimi Hendrix entirely revolutionized the guitar world, Pastorius was his heir as far as bass playing was concerned. And as in the word of Pat Metheny: "Jaco Pastorius may well have been the last jazz musician of the 20th century to have made a major impact on the musical world at large. Everywhere you go, sometimes it seems like a dozen times a day, in the most unlikely places you hear Jaco's sound; from the latest tv commercial to bass players of all stripes copping his licks on recordings of all styles, from news broadcasts to famous rock and roll bands, from hip hop samples to personal tribute records, you hear the echoes of that unmistakable sound everywhere (it may even be more imitated at this point than the previously most pervasive jazz sound to escape into the broader culture beyond the local borders of jazz, the moody harmon mute stylings of Miles Davis). For all the caterwauling that has gone on about new musicians that have shown up in recent years being toted as the "next Miles", or the "Duke Ellington of their generation", or whatever, Jaco outranks all of them and all of that by being the one and the only of his kind, without predecessor; the only post 1970 jazz musician known on a first name basis with all music fans of all varieties everywhere in the world. From the depths of Africa where he is revered in almost god-like status to the halls of most every music university on the planet. To this day, and maybe more than ever, he remains the one and the only JACO. [...] His solo on 'donna lee', beyond being astounding for just the fact that it was played with a hornlike phrasing that was previously unknown to the bass guitar is even more notable for being one of the freshest looks at how to play on a well traveled set of chord changes in recent jazz history - not to mention that it's just about the hippest start to a debut album in the history of recorded music. That solo, along with his best compositions like "continuum" reveal a melodic ingenuity (that rarest and hardest to quantify of musical qualities amongst improvisors) that comes along only a few times in each generation. And then there is just his basic relationship to sound and touch; refined to a degree that some would have thought impossible on an "electric" instrument. Jaco's legacy has had a rough go of it - a horribly inaccurate, botched biography, endless cassette bootlegs of late-life gigs that do nothing but devalue the importance of his message through greed and overkill, and a mythology that seems to thrive on the stories that surrounded the lesser aspects of his lifestyle over the triumphs of his early musical vision and wisdom. But you know what? You put this record on, and none of that matters. It is all here, in the grooves; everything you need to know about the guy. Jaco Pastorius was one of the most important musicians of our time - the fact that this was his first record is simply astonishing, there is no other way to put it. That this is without question the most auspicious debut album of the past quarter century is inarguable. As with all great recordings, the force of it's value becomes more evident as time passes." --------------------------- TRIVIA The Latin name PASTORIUS was once the German schäfer, meaning shepherd. Jaco's father, John Francis Pastorius II, was born in Pennsylvania from German and Irish descendants. Jaco's mother, Verna Katarina HAAPALA was born in Minnesota and changed her name to Stephanie Katherine Haapala. Jaco's Grandmother on his Mom's side, Kaisa Eriika ISOJÄRVI, was born north of the Arctic Circle in Lappi, Finland, married David Haapala from Minnesota, who's father, Andrew Haapala was from Oulu, Finland and who's mother, Josephina BUCHT, was from Norrbotten, Sweden. Conclusion: Jaco had Finnish, German, Swedish, and Irish ancestry. Tags: jazz Jaco Pastorius Continuum |
User: thrond |
2 Nephi 20 (The Book of Mormon) http://scriptures.lds.org/en/2_ne/20 2 Nephi 20 Wo unto them that decree unrighteous decrees, and that write grievousness which they have prescribed; To turn away the needy from judgment, and to take away the right from the poor of my people, that widows may be their prey, and that they may rob the fatherless! And what will ye do in the day of visitation, and in the desolation which shall come from far? to whom will ye flee for help? and where will ye leave your glory? Without me they shall bow down under the prisoners, and they shall fall under the slain. For all this his anger is not turned away, but his hand is stretched out still. O Assyrian, the rod of mine anger, and the staff in their hand is their indignation. I will send him against a hypocritical nation, and against the people of my wrath will I give him a charge to take the spoil, and to take the prey, and to tread them down like the mire of the streets. Howbeit he meaneth not so, neither doth his heart think so; but in his heart it is to destroy and cut off nations not a few. For he saith: Are not my princes altogether kings? Is not Calno as Carchemish? Is not Hamath as Arpad? Is not Samaria as Damascus? As my hand hath founded the kingdoms of the idols, and whose graven images did excel them of Jerusalem and of Samaria; Shall I not, as I have done unto Samaria and her idols, so do to Jerusalem and to her idols? Wherefore it shall come to pass that when the Lord hath performed his whole work upon Mount Zion and upon Jerusalem, I will punish the fruit of the stout heart of the king of Assyria, and the glory of his high looks. For he saith: By the strength of my hand and by my wisdom I have done these things; for I am prudent; and I have moved the borders of the people, and have robbed their treasures, and I have put down the inhabitants like a valiant man; And my hand hath found as a nest the riches of the people; and as one gathereth eggs that are left have I gathered all the earth; and there was none that moved the wing, or opened the mouth, or peeped. Shall the ax boast itself against him that heweth therewith? Shall the saw magnify itself against him that shaketh it? As if the rod should shake itself against them that lift it up, or as if the staff should lift up itself as if it were no wood! Therefore shall the Lord, the Lord of Hosts, send among his fat ones, leanness; and under his glory he shall kindle a burning like the burning of a fire. And the light of Israel shall be for a fire, and his Holy One for a flame, and shall burn and shall devour his thorns and his briers in one day; And shall consume the glory of his forest, and of his fruitful field, both soul and body; and they shall be as when a standard-bearer fainteth. And the rest of the trees of his forest shall be few, that a child may write them. And it shall come to pass in that day, that the remnant of Israel, and such as are escaped of the house of Jacob, shall no more again stay upon him that smote them, but shall stay upon the Lord, the Holy One of Israel, in truth. The remnant shall return, yea, even the remnant of Jacob, unto the mighty God. For though thy people Israel be as the sand of the sea, yet a remnant of them shall return; the consumption decreed shall overflow with righteousness. For the Lord God of Hosts shall make a consumption, even determined in all the land. Therefore, thus saith the Lord God of Hosts: O my people that dwellest in Zion, be not afraid of the Assyrian; he shall smite thee with a rod, and shall lift up his staff against thee, after the manner of Egypt. For yet a very little while, and the indignation shall cease, and mine anger in their destruction. And the Lord of Hosts shall stir up a scourge for him according to the slaughter of Midian at the rock of Oreb; and as his rod was upon the sea so shall he lift it up after the manner of Egypt. And it shall come to pass in that day that his burden shall be taken away from off thy shoulder, and his yoke from off thy neck, and the yoke shall be destroyed because of the anointing. He is come to Aiath, he is passed to Migron; at Michmash he hath laid up his carriages. They are gone over the passage; they have taken up their lodging at Geba; Ramath is afraid; Gibeah of Saul is fled. Lift up the voice, O daughter of Gallim; cause it to be heard unto Laish, O poor Anathoth. Madmenah is removed; the inhabitants of Gebim gather themselves to flee. As yet shall he remain at Nob that day; he shall shake his hand against the mount of the daughter of Zion, the hill of Jerusalem. Behold, the Lord, the Lord of Hosts shall lop the bough with terror; and the high ones of stature shall be hewn down; and the haughty shall be humbled. And he shall cut down the thickets of the forests with iron, and Lebanon shall fall by a mighty one. Tags: Book Mormon Second Nephi Chapter 20 Church Jesus Christ Latter-day Saints Religion |
User: H3rman123 |
Jaco Pastorius - Kuru Speak Like A Child (1976) Jaco Pastorius (1976), the brilliant self-titled debut album that was to mark the starting point in an upheaval as far the general concept of playing the bass and it's role in the landscape of music. If Jimi Hendrix entirely revolutionized the guitar world, Pastorius was his heir as far as bass playing was concerned. And as in the word of Pat Metheny: "Jaco Pastorius may well have been the last jazz musician of the 20th century to have made a major impact on the musical world at large. Everywhere you go, sometimes it seems like a dozen times a day, in the most unlikely places you hear Jaco's sound; from the latest tv commercial to bass players of all stripes copping his licks on recordings of all styles, from news broadcasts to famous rock and roll bands, from hip hop samples to personal tribute records, you hear the echoes of that unmistakable sound everywhere (it may even be more imitated at this point than the previously most pervasive jazz sound to escape into the broader culture beyond the local borders of jazz, the moody harmon mute stylings of Miles Davis). For all the caterwauling that has gone on about new musicians that have shown up in recent years being toted as the "next Miles", or the "Duke Ellington of their generation", or whatever, Jaco outranks all of them and all of that by being the one and the only of his kind, without predecessor; the only post 1970 jazz musician known on a first name basis with all music fans of all varieties everywhere in the world. From the depths of Africa where he is revered in almost god-like status to the halls of most every music university on the planet. To this day, and maybe more than ever, he remains the one and the only JACO. [...] His solo on 'donna lee', beyond being astounding for just the fact that it was played with a hornlike phrasing that was previously unknown to the bass guitar is even more notable for being one of the freshest looks at how to play on a well traveled set of chord changes in recent jazz history - not to mention that it's just about the hippest start to a debut album in the history of recorded music. That solo, along with his best compositions like "continuum" reveal a melodic ingenuity (that rarest and hardest to quantify of musical qualities amongst improvisors) that comes along only a few times in each generation. And then there is just his basic relationship to sound and touch; refined to a degree that some would have thought impossible on an "electric" instrument. Jaco's legacy has had a rough go of it - a horribly inaccurate, botched biography, endless cassette bootlegs of late-life gigs that do nothing but devalue the importance of his message through greed and overkill, and a mythology that seems to thrive on the stories that surrounded the lesser aspects of his lifestyle over the triumphs of his early musical vision and wisdom. But you know what? You put this record on, and none of that matters. It is all here, in the grooves; everything you need to know about the guy. Jaco Pastorius was one of the most important musicians of our time - the fact that this was his first record is simply astonishing, there is no other way to put it. That this is without question the most auspicious debut album of the past quarter century is inarguable. As with all great recordings, the force of it's value becomes more evident as time passes." --------------------------- TRIVIA The Latin name PASTORIUS was once the German schäfer, meaning shepherd. Jaco's father, John Francis Pastorius II, was born in Pennsylvania from German and Irish descendants. Jaco's mother, Verna Katarina HAAPALA was born in Minnesota and changed her name to Stephanie Katherine Haapala. Jaco's Grandmother on his Mom's side, Kaisa Eriika ISOJÄRVI, was born north of the Arctic Circle in Lappi, Finland, married David Haapala from Minnesota, who's father, Andrew Haapala was from Oulu, Finland and who's mother, Josephina BUCHT, was from Norrbotten, Sweden. Conclusion: Jaco had Finnish, German, Swedish, and Irish ancestry. Tags: jazz Jaco Pastorius Kuru Speak Like Child |
User: H3rman123 |
Jaco Pastorius - Opus Pocus (1976) Jaco Pastorius (1976), the brilliant self-titled debut album that was to mark the starting point in an upheaval as far the general concept of playing the bass and it's role in the landscape of music. If Jimi Hendrix entirely revolutionized the guitar world, Pastorius was his heir as far as bass playing was concerned. And as in the word of Pat Metheny: "Jaco Pastorius may well have been the last jazz musician of the 20th century to have made a major impact on the musical world at large. Everywhere you go, sometimes it seems like a dozen times a day, in the most unlikely places you hear Jaco's sound; from the latest tv commercial to bass players of all stripes copping his licks on recordings of all styles, from news broadcasts to famous rock and roll bands, from hip hop samples to personal tribute records, you hear the echoes of that unmistakable sound everywhere (it may even be more imitated at this point than the previously most pervasive jazz sound to escape into the broader culture beyond the local borders of jazz, the moody harmon mute stylings of Miles Davis). For all the caterwauling that has gone on about new musicians that have shown up in recent years being toted as the "next Miles", or the "Duke Ellington of their generation", or whatever, Jaco outranks all of them and all of that by being the one and the only of his kind, without predecessor; the only post 1970 jazz musician known on a first name basis with all music fans of all varieties everywhere in the world. From the depths of Africa where he is revered in almost god-like status to the halls of most every music university on the planet. To this day, and maybe more than ever, he remains the one and the only JACO. [...] His solo on 'donna lee', beyond being astounding for just the fact that it was played with a hornlike phrasing that was previously unknown to the bass guitar is even more notable for being one of the freshest looks at how to play on a well traveled set of chord changes in recent jazz history - not to mention that it's just about the hippest start to a debut album in the history of recorded music. That solo, along with his best compositions like "continuum" reveal a melodic ingenuity (that rarest and hardest to quantify of musical qualities amongst improvisors) that comes along only a few times in each generation. And then there is just his basic relationship to sound and touch; refined to a degree that some would have thought impossible on an "electric" instrument. Jaco's legacy has had a rough go of it - a horribly inaccurate, botched biography, endless cassette bootlegs of late-life gigs that do nothing but devalue the importance of his message through greed and overkill, and a mythology that seems to thrive on the stories that surrounded the lesser aspects of his lifestyle over the triumphs of his early musical vision and wisdom. But you know what? You put this record on, and none of that matters. It is all here, in the grooves; everything you need to know about the guy. Jaco Pastorius was one of the most important musicians of our time - the fact that this was his first record is simply astonishing, there is no other way to put it. That this is without question the most auspicious debut album of the past quarter century is inarguable. As with all great recordings, the force of it's value becomes more evident as time passes." --------------------------- TRIVIA The Latin name PASTORIUS was once the German schäfer, meaning shepherd. Jaco's father, John Francis Pastorius II, was born in Pennsylvania from German and Irish descendants. Jaco's mother, Verna Katarina HAAPALA was born in Minnesota and changed her name to Stephanie Katherine Haapala. Jaco's Grandmother on his Mom's side, Kaisa Eriika ISOJÄRVI, was born north of the Arctic Circle in Lappi, Finland, married David Haapala from Minnesota, who's father, Andrew Haapala was from Oulu, Finland and who's mother, Josephina BUCHT, was from Norrbotten, Sweden. Conclusion: Jaco had Finnish, German, Swedish, and Irish ancestry. Tags: jazz Jaco Pastorius Opus Pocus |
User: neobloodgouki |
NBG Channel intro it's pretty good all] Wu world order (4x) [la the darkman] Yo Niggaz is feeble, I call up a vine-man like ben' siegal I'm anti-evil, plus I touch a desert eagle My life's illegal, slave man princess' is equal The devil's leathal, he killed a hundred million people I'm darkman, iceman, la, wu-tang clan Trapacanty, sensai, ¿comprende? My marine corps, straight from the trojan war Black capped crusador, trapped off, flame thrower Stuck a chain store when I was dirt poor for my reward Next week the germans have me on a bulletin board I beat that case, they couldn't identify my face I'm triple darkness, silence or I'll have you erased Me and my wu pirates start riots with osirus Math, I apply it, kill you, but I'm quiet Repect the abbott, it's love allah Shine like a superstar, sting with the cobra claw [all] Wu world order (8x) [bobby digital] Yo I enter through the chamber of your ear In a high-pitched silent tone only a dog could hear And impregnante you, with the wisdom of the wu Then your sub-conscious dreams come constantly true Have you in such deep thought, your pulse and blood presure's so low You diagnosed as corpse Havin outer body experience, clan no interference Everything with physical form, lose appearance We become one with the formulas, now you feel the strongest Escape, trample lies, you live for the longest Live a thousand years in a day Without opening your mouth you say everything you wanted to say Attract to the call of the earth, I stay grounded The sun in the center of this, I'm surrounded My planets in midst, I spins, the windchill But my light melts your snowflake from ninety-three mil' All with the ear, let 'em here as we reveal Cause one ear of corn can produce a cornfield And one cornfield can produce the corn mill The bread from the body of christ, orangeville With the truth of life inside your bone marrow You could make your physical as large as your shadow Whether space or cyborg, optic is fiber Become a pawn, multimedia subscriber And hibernate, the wu tape in your mental state Let it meditate, sit back and await The orders, for this you don't need no tape recorder So let's prepare for the wu world order [all] Wu world order (8x) [bobby digital] We comin soon and we strikin at your borders Tags: video game tv trailer |
User: Its1Just3Me |
The Holy Bible - King James Version - 1 Kings - Chapter 7 1 Kings 7 1.But Solomon was building his own house thirteen years, and he finished all his house. 2He built also the house of the forest of Lebanon; the length thereof [was] an hundred cubits, and the breadth thereof fifty cubits, and the height thereof thirty cubits, upon four rows of cedar pillars, with cedar beams upon the pillars. 3And [it was] covered with cedar above upon the beams, that [lay] on forty five pillars, fifteen [in] a row. 4And [there were] windows [in] three rows, and light [was] against light [in] three ranks. 5And all the doors and posts [were] square, with the windows: and light [was] against light [in] three ranks. 6And he made a porch of pillars; the length thereof [was] fifty cubits, and the breadth thereof thirty cubits: and the porch [was] before them: and the [other] pillars and the thick beam [were] before them. 7Then he made a porch for the throne where he might judge, [even] the porch of judgment: and [it was] covered with cedar from one side of the floor to the other. 8And his house where he dwelt [had] another court within the porch, [which] was of the like work. Solomon made also an house for Pharaoh's daughter, whom he had taken [to wife], like unto this porch. 9All these [were of] costly stones, according to the measures of hewed stones, sawed with saws, within and without, even from the foundation unto the coping, and [so] on the outside toward the great court. 10And the foundation [was of] costly stones, even great stones, stones of ten cubits, and stones of eight cubits. 11And above [were] costly stones, after the measures of hewed stones, and cedars. 12And the great court round about [was] with three rows of hewed stones, and a row of cedar beams, both for the inner court of the house of the LORD, and for the porch of the house. 13.And king Solomon sent and fetched Hiram out of Tyre. 14He [was] a widow's son of the tribe of Naphtali, and his father [was] a man of Tyre, a worker in brass: and he was filled with wisdom, and understanding, and cunning to work all works in brass. And he came to king Solomon, and wrought all his work. 15For he cast two pillars of brass, of eighteen cubits high apiece: and a line of twelve cubits did compass either of them about. 16And he made two chapiters [of] molten brass, to set upon the tops of the pillars: the height of the one chapiter [was] five cubits, and the height of the other chapiter [was] five cubits: 17[And] nets of checker work, and wreaths of chain work, for the chapiters which [were] upon the top of the pillars; seven for the one chapiter, and seven for the other chapiter. 18And he made the pillars, and two rows round about upon the one network, to cover the chapiters that [were] upon the top, with pomegranates: and so did he for the other chapiter. 19And the chapiters that [were] upon the top of the pillars [were] of lily work in the porch, four cubits. 20And the chapiters upon the two pillars [had pomegranates] also above, over against the belly which [was] by the network: and the pomegranates [were] two hundred in rows round about upon the other chapiter. 21And he set up the pillars in the porch of the temple: and he set up the right pillar, and called the name thereof Jachin: and he set up the left pillar, and called the name thereof Boaz. 22And upon the top of the pillars [was] lily work: so was the work of the pillars finished. 23And he made a molten sea, ten cubits from the one brim to the other: [it was] round all about, and his height [was] five cubits: and a line of thirty cubits did compass it round about. 24And under the brim of it round about [there were] knops compassing it, ten in a cubit, compassing the sea round about: the knops [were] cast in two rows, when it was cast. 25It stood upon twelve oxen, three looking toward the north, and three looking toward the west, and three looking toward the south, and three looking toward the east: and the sea [was set] above upon them, and all their hinder parts [were] inward. 26And it [was] an hand breadth thick, and the brim thereof was wrought like the brim of a cup, with flowers of lilies: it contained two thousand baths. 27And he made ten bases of brass; four cubits [was] the length of one base, and four cubits the breadth thereof, and three cubits the height of it. 28And the work of the bases [was] on this [manner]: they had borders, and the borders [were] between the ledges: 29And on the borders that [were] between the ledges [were] lions, oxen, and cherubims: and upon the ledges [there was] a base above: and beneath the lions and oxen [were] certain additions made of thin work. 30And every base had four brasen wheels, and plates of brass: and the four corners thereof had undersetters: under the laver [were] undersetters molten, at the side of every addition. Tags: The Holy Bible King James Version Kings |
User: Siavashian |
Catalonia National Anthem Catalonia (Catalan: Catalunya; Spanish: Cataluña; Aranese: Catalonha), is an Autonomous Community of the Kingdom of Spain. The Autonomous Community of Catalonia covers an area of 32,114 km² with an official population of 7,210,508[1] from which immigrants represent an estimated 12.3% of the total population. It borders France and Andorra to the north, Aragon to the west, the Valencian Community to the south, and the Mediterranean Sea to the east (580 km coastline). Official languages are Catalan, Spanish and Aranese. The capital city is Barcelona. Catalonia is divided into four provinces: Barcelona, Girona, Lleida, and Tarragona. Its territory corresponds to most of the historical territory of the former Principality of Catalonia. Like some other parts in the rest of the Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula, Catalonia was colonized by Ancient Greeks, who settled around the Roses area. Both Greeks and Carthaginians (who, in the course of the Second Punic War, briefly ruled the territory) interacted with the main Iberian substratum. After the Carthaginian defeat, it became, along with the rest of Hispania, a part of the Roman Empire, Tarraco being one of the main Roman posts in the Iberian Peninsula Counties of the Marca HispanicaIt then came under Visigothic rule for four centuries after Rome's collapse. In the eighth century, it became under Moorish al-Andalus control. Still, after the defeat of Emir Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi's troops at Tours in 732, the Franks conquered former Visigoth states which had been captured by the Muslims or had become allied with them in what today is the northernmost part of Catalonia. Charlemagne created in 795 which came to be known as the Marca Hispanica, a buffer zone beyond the province of Septimania made up of locally administered separate petty kingdoms which served as a defensive barrier between the Umayyad Moors of Al-Andalus and the Frankish Kingdom. The Catalan culture started to develop in the Middle Ages stemming from a number of these petty kingdoms organized as small counties throughout the northernmost part of Catalonia. The counts of Barcelona were Frankish vassals nominated by the emperor then the king of France, to whom they were feudatories (801-987). In 987 the count of Barcelona did not recognize the French king Hugh Capet and his new dynasty which put it effectively out of the Frankish rule. Two years later, in 989, Catalonia declared its independence. Then, in 1137, Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona married Petronila of Aragon establishing the dynastic union of the County of Barcelona with the Kingdom of Aragon which was to create the Crown of Aragon. It was not until 1258, by means of the Treaty of Corbeil, that the king of France formally relinquished his feudal lordship over the counties of the Principality of Catalonia to the king of Aragon James I, descendant of Ramon Berenguer IV. This Treaty turned the de facto independence into a full de jure direct transition from French to Aragonese rule. It also solved a historic incongruence. As part of the Crown of Aragon, Catalonia became a great maritime power, helping to expand the Crown by trade and conquest into the Kingdom of Valencia, the Balearic Islands, and even Sardinia or Sicily. In 1410, King Martin I died without surviving descendants. As a result, by the Pact of Caspe, Ferdinand of Antequera from the Castilian dynasty of Trastamara, received the Crown of Aragon as Ferdinand I of Aragon. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalonia Tags: Catalonia National Anthem series short film video blog communications humanities language media performing arts social science visual entertainment news tv web art documentary filmmaker reel experimental interview manga trailer tutorial music commentary analysis gotcha! grassroots outreach political commercial alternative blues classical country electronic folk hip-hop indie jazz pop r&b rap religious rock unsigned soul world advice community dating personals random wisdom |